{"id":63383,"date":"2022-08-29T10:56:29","date_gmt":"2022-08-29T15:56:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/?p=63383"},"modified":"2024-04-06T06:17:45","modified_gmt":"2024-04-06T06:17:45","slug":"the-crime-and-justice-doctor-yoga-as-a-stress-reducer-for-corrections-professionals","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/news\/the-crime-and-justice-doctor-yoga-as-a-stress-reducer-for-corrections-professionals\/","title":{"rendered":"The Crime and Justice Doctor Yoga as a Stress-Reducer for Corrections Professionals"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"blog-entry__subtitle--full\">Thinking outside of the box to improve correctional staff wellness.<\/h2>\n<div>\n<div id=\"block-pt-content\" class=\"block\">\n<article role=\"article\" data-history-node-id=\"1178906\">\n<div class=\"blog-entry--body\">\n<div class=\"blog-entry--body-second\">\n<div class=\"blog_entry__key-points\">\n<h3 class=\"blog_entry__key-points-title\">KEY POINTS<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"blog_entry__key-points-item-list\">\n<li class=\"blog_entry__key-points-item\">The link between workplace stressors and poor physical and mental health in correctional officers and administrators has been well-documented.<\/li>\n<li class=\"blog_entry__key-points-item\">Limited research has shown positive benefits of yoga for correctional administrators.<\/li>\n<li class=\"blog_entry__key-points-item\">Longitudinal studies are recommended to determine if yoga and mindfulness exercises can produce long-term health benefits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-name-body\">\n<p>In mid-May 2022, I had the honor of testifying in Washington, DC before the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/videos\/search?q=blue+ribbon+commission+corrections&amp;docid=608055339622272231&amp;mid=F8507B2E519A1C3D495AF8507B2E519A1C3D495A&amp;view=detail&amp;FORM=VIRE\">Blue-Ribbon Commission on Correctional Officer health and wellness<\/a>, thereby, addressing the mental health crisis among our nation\u2019s corrections professionals, namely correctional officers.<\/p>\n<p>With a\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at suicide\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/suicide\" hreflang=\"en\">suicide<\/a>\u00a0rate twice that of the general population, correctional officers are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease,\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at depression\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/depression\" hreflang=\"en\">depression<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at anxiety\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/anxiety\" hreflang=\"en\">anxiety<\/a>, posttraumatic\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at stress\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/stress\" hreflang=\"en\">stress<\/a>\u00a0disorder (<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at PTSD\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/post-traumatic-stress-disorder\" hreflang=\"en\">PTSD<\/a>), and suicide, which is a significant concern for the men and women who risk their lives ensuring that the public remains safe and secure from some of the nation\u2019s most violent offenders.<\/p>\n<div class=\"markup-replacement-slot markup-replacement-slot-0\" data-slot-position=\"0\"><\/div>\n<p>In just a mere decade, I have witnessed a significant increase in the number of research studies focusing on the physical and mental challenges of working within the walls of our nation\u2019s prisons and jails. More importantly, corrections professionals are working closely with corrections subject matter experts to devise programs aimed at helping those brave men and women survive, literally and figuratively, in a profession that has been largely neglected until recently.<\/p>\n<div class=\"markup-replacement-slot markup-replacement-slot-1\" data-slot-position=\"1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"insertArea\">\n<div class=\"image-article-inline-half\">\n<div class=\"insert-inner\">\n<div class=\"insert-image\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-63384 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/pexels-servet-photograph-11164909-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"subtext insertArea--origin\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In early June 2022, I received an email from a licensed clinical social worker, Susan Radcliffe, concerning a program in my home state of Pennsylvania that has gained prominence in our national efforts to address correctional officer suicides. According to Radcliffe, York County Prison, Pennsylvania, has recognized the dire need for correctional officer wellness that does not involve talk\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at therapy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/therapy\" hreflang=\"en\">therapy<\/a>\u00a0or seeking help from a mental health clinic.<\/p>\n<p>Radcliffe created this unique program after learning the statistics of correctional officers\u2019 negative health outcomes, the lack of policy addressing wellness, and the fact that there were no formalized recommended wellness protocols and treatment programs that officers would voluntarily attend.<\/p>\n<p>York County Prison\u2019s deputy warden, Valerie Conway, had reached out to Radcliffe after reading an article Radcliffe had published with American Jail. This article focused on an alternative wellness approach that uses a combination of psychoeducation on the\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at neuroscience\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/neuroscience\" hreflang=\"en\">neuroscience<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at trauma\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/trauma\" hreflang=\"en\">trauma<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at adverse childhood experiences\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/adverse-childhood-experiences\" hreflang=\"en\">adverse childhood experiences<\/a>\u00a0(ACEs), and the evidence-based treatment modality (SAMHSA) of trauma-informed yoga.<\/p>\n<div class=\"insertArea\">\n<div class=\"image-article-inline-half\">\n<div class=\"insert-inner\">\n<div class=\"insert-image\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"subtext insertArea--origin\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>After a successful pilot class at York County prison that included the prison\u2019s correctional officers and administrators, York County prison administrators decided to dedicate funds\/resources to send a staff member to be<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-63385 alignright lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/pexels-cottonbro-4327033-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/200;\" \/> trained by the Prison Yoga Project so that trauma-informed yoga could be offered to the correctional staff, as well as those incarcerated. Most were initially skeptical about the training, which is not surprising considering that this \u201cout of the box\u201d approach was quite uncommon, and some would say, far-fetched. However, after learning about the neurobiological benefits of this form of yoga, including the calmness that is derived from an hour-long yoga class, participants rated the session favorably on the evaluation form that was given to all participants.<\/p>\n<div class=\"markup-replacement-slot markup-replacement-slot-4\" data-slot-position=\"4\"><\/div>\n<p>Radcliffe had created this program a few years ago and then reached out to Dr. Hayden Smith and Dr. Frank Ferdik, authors of the comprehensive July 2017 National Institute of Justice publication,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ojp.gov\/pdffiles1\/nij\/250484.pdf\">Correctional Officer Safety and Wellness Literature Synthesis<\/a>, to research the program\u2019s efficacy. The positive outcomes of the research study by Smith, Ferdik, Turner, and Radcliffe were published in the January 2022 edition of the\u00a0<em>Journal of Offender Rehabilitation<\/em>\u00a0under the title, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10509674.2021.2017385\">An Evaluation of a Yoga Program Designed for Correctional Administrators and Officers<\/a>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class=\"markup-replacement-slot markup-replacement-slot-5\" data-slot-position=\"5\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"insertArea\">\n<div class=\"image-article-inline-half\">\n<div class=\"insert-inner\">\n<div class=\"insert-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-63386 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/pexels-enrico-hanel-5369188-300x201.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/201;\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"subtext insertArea--origin\">With a response rate of 100 percent, which is largely unheard of, it became the first research study of its kind to include correctional officers, staff, and administrators. The study noted that the linkages between workplace stressors and poor physical and mental health in correctional officers and administrators has been well documented. For instance, I\u2019ve dedicated three chapters in my latest book, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/he.kendallhunt.com\/product\/pursuing-and-navigating-career-criminal-justice\">Pursuing and Navigating a Career in Criminal Justice<\/a>,\u00a0<\/em>to the physical and mental wellness of our nation\u2019s corrections professionals.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The study\u2019s authors emphasized that there is limited research on factors that promote health in correctional officers, and even less information on correctional administrators, with which I concur. Further, extraordinarily little is known about what programs are considered emerging and\/or best practices, how these programs are being implemented in real-world settings, and the efficacy of individual program components. This particular study aimed to address those gaps in the empirical literature.<\/p>\n<div class=\"markup-replacement-slot markup-replacement-slot-7\" data-slot-position=\"7\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"insertArea\">\n<div class=\"image-article-inline-half\">\n<div class=\"insert-inner\">\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"insert-image\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"subtext insertArea--origin\">Ample studies have explored the health benefits of yoga for incarcerated individuals, but few have studied the positive effects of yoga for correctional staff and virtually no studies exist on the benefits of yoga for correctional administrators. The favorable outcomes are promising; however, the researchers acknowledged the limitations associated with the relatively small sample size of surveyed program participants.<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-63387 alignright lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/pexels-pixabay-267569-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/200;\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"markup-replacement-slot markup-replacement-slot-8\" data-slot-position=\"8\"><\/div>\n<p>Nevertheless, the emerging themes from the qualitative research are quite encouraging. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to determine if the study\u2019s results would hold true in other correctional contexts. The questions created by the research team also require larger samples to determine their respective reliability and validity. Longitudinal studies are also recommended to determine if yoga and\u00a0<a class=\"basics-link\" title=\"Psychology Today looks at mindfulness\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/mindfulness\" hreflang=\"en\">mindfulness<\/a>\u00a0exercises produce long-term health benefits. Regardless, countless studies have reached the general consensus that participation in yoga can contribute to innumerable health benefits ranging from decreased anxiety, to improved cognitive performance, faster recovery times from injuries, and increased life satisfaction, among many other advantages.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"markup-replacement-slot markup-replacement-slot-last\" data-slot-position=\"last\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/blog\/the-crime-and-justice-doctor\/202208\/yoga-stress-reducer-corrections-professionals\">Original Post Psychology Today<\/a><\/div>\n<div data-slot-position=\"last\"><\/div>\n<div data-slot-position=\"last\">Photos:<\/div>\n<div data-slot-position=\"last\">Photo by Servet photograph: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/anti-criminal-tool-for-public-safety-11164909\/<\/div>\n<div data-slot-position=\"last\">Photo by cottonbro: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/woman-in-black-tank-top-sitting-beside-man-in-black-shirt-4327033\/<\/div>\n<div data-slot-position=\"last\">Photo by Enrico H\u00e4nel: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/grayscale-photo-of-a-prisoner-inside-the-jail-5369188\/<\/div>\n<div data-slot-position=\"last\">Photo by Pixabay: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/author-blog-create-creative-267569\/<\/div>\n<div data-slot-position=\"last\">Photo by Ivan Samkov: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/a-man-doing-yoga-while-listening-to-music-6648713\/<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"block-pt-content\" class=\"block\">\n<article role=\"article\" data-history-node-id=\"1178906\">\n<div class=\"blog-entry--body\">\n<div class=\"blog-entry--body-second\">\n<div class=\"blog-entry-references\" data-hide-large-count-items=\"false\">\n<p class=\"blog-entry-references-label\">References<\/p>\n<div class=\"blog-entry-references-content-items\">\n<div class=\"blog-entry-references-content\">\n<p>For additional information, please contact Susan Radcliffe (<a href=\"mailto:sue.radcliffe@maryland.gov\">sue.radcliffe@maryland.gov<\/a>) or, York County Prison Deputy Warden, Valerie Conway (<a href=\"mailto:VLConway@YorkCountyPA.gov\">VLConway@YorkCountyPA.gov<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"region__content-main-additional\">\n<div id=\"block-blogentryaboutauthor\" class=\"block block--content-main-additional\">\n<div class=\"layout-container--grid--content-main-additional\">\n<div class=\"layout-content-left-rail\">\n<h2 class=\"block-title\">About the Author<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"layout-content-main\">\n<div class=\"about-author-card\">\n<div class=\"about-author__photo\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/contributors\/michael-pittaro-phd\" hreflang=\"en\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/cdn2.psychologytoday.com\/assets\/styles\/thumbnail_115x140\/public\/field_user_blogger_photo\/michael_pittaro_0.jpg?itok=msFzyW_v\" alt=\"\" width=\"115\" height=\"140\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 115px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 115\/140;\" \/><\/a> <strong>Dr. Michael Pittaro<\/strong>\u00a0is Associate Professor of Criminal Justice with American Military University and an adjunct professor of criminal justice with East Stroudsburg University.<\/div>\n<div class=\"about-author__copy\">\n<div class=\"about-author-online\">\n<h3 class=\"heading--inline\">Online:\u00a0 <a style=\"font-size: 16px;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dr.Pittaro\/\">Facebook<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">,\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-size: 16px;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/drmichaelpittaro\/\">LinkedIn<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">,\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-size: 16px;\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/DrPittaro\">Twitter<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thinking outside of the box to improve correctional staff wellness. KEY POINTS The link between workplace stressors and poor physical and mental health in correctional officers and administrators has been [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":63388,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false},"categories":[139],"tags":[136,137,141,143,145,120,147,151],"class_list":["post-63383","news","type-news","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-life-blog","tag-ais","tag-american-institute-of-stress","tag-health","tag-mental-health","tag-relaxation","tag-stress","tag-stress-management","tag-workplace-stress","pmpro-has-access"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Crime and Justice Doctor Yoga as a Stress-Reducer for Corrections Professionals - The American Institute of Stress<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/news\/the-crime-and-justice-doctor-yoga-as-a-stress-reducer-for-corrections-professionals\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Crime and Justice Doctor Yoga as a Stress-Reducer for Corrections Professionals - The American Institute of Stress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Thinking outside of the box to improve correctional staff wellness. 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