{"id":47901,"date":"2022-01-21T08:48:59","date_gmt":"2022-01-21T14:48:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/?p=47901"},"modified":"2024-04-06T06:30:28","modified_gmt":"2024-04-06T06:30:28","slug":"stress-may-be-your-hearts-worst-enemy","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/news\/stress-may-be-your-hearts-worst-enemy\/","title":{"rendered":"Stress May Be Your Heart\u2019s Worst Enemy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Psychological stress activates the fear center in the brain, setting into motion a cascade of reactions that can lead to heart attacks and strokes.<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-47902 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03sci-brody-stress-heart-issues-superJumbo-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03sci-brody-stress-heart-issues-superJumbo-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03sci-brody-stress-heart-issues-superJumbo-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03sci-brody-stress-heart-issues-superJumbo-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03sci-brody-stress-heart-issues-superJumbo-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03sci-brody-stress-heart-issues-superJumbo-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stress.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03sci-brody-stress-heart-issues-superJumbo.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">You\u2019re probably familiar with these major risk factors for heart disease: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity and physical inactivity. And chances are your doctor has checked you more than once for these risks and, I would hope, offered advice or treatment to help ward off a heart attack or stroke.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">But has your doctor also asked about the level of stress in your life? Chronic psychological stress, recent studies indicate, may be as important \u2014 and possibly more important \u2014 to the health of your heart than the traditional cardiac risk factors. In fact, in people with less-than-healthy hearts,\u00a0<a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/topic\/subject\/mental-health-and-disorders\">mental stress<\/a>\u00a0trumps physical stress as a potential precipitant of fatal and nonfatal heart attacks and other cardiovascular events, according to the latest report.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">The\u00a0<a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2785948\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new study, published in November in JAMA<\/a>, assessed the fates of 918 patients known to have underlying, but stable, heart disease to see how their bodies reacted to physical and mental stress. The participants underwent standardized physical and mental stress tests to see if their hearts developed myocardial ischemia \u2014 a significantly reduced blood flow to the muscles of the heart, which can be a trigger for cardiovascular events \u2014 during either or both forms of stress. Then the researchers followed them for four to nine years.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Among the study participants who experienced ischemia during one or both tests, this adverse reaction to mental stress took a significantly greater toll on the hearts and lives of the patients than did physical stress. They were more likely to suffer a nonfatal heart attack or die of cardiovascular disease in the years that followed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"css-8atqhb\">I wish I had known that in 1982, when my father had a heart attack that nearly killed him. Upon leaving the hospital, he was warned about overdoing physical stresses, like not lifting anything heavier than 30 pounds. But he was never cautioned about undue emotional stress or the risks of overreacting to frustrating circumstances, like when the driver ahead of him drove too slowly in a no-passing zone.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<div id=\"NYT_MAIN_CONTENT_1_REGION\" class=\"css-9tf9ac\" data-testid=\"region\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-bdfzry\">\n<div class=\"css-1375xv5\">\n<div class=\"css-h4xb2d\">\n<div class=\"css-n3lkv8\">\n<div class=\"css-1ibyhwt\">\n<div class=\"css-azx95j\">\n<div class=\"css-13brihr\">The new findings underscore the results of an earlier study that evaluated the relationship between risk factors and heart disease in 24,767 patients from 52 countries. It found that patients who experienced a high level of psychological stress during the year before they entered the study were more than twice as likely to suffer a heart attack during an average follow-up of five years, even when traditional risk factors were taken into account.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">The\u00a0<a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15364185\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study, known as Interheart<\/a>, showed that psychological stress is an independent risk factor for heart attacks, similar in heart-damaging effects to the more commonly measured cardiovascular risks, explained Dr. Michael T. Osborne, a cardiologist at Massachusetts General Hospital.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">But what about the effects of stress on people whose hearts are still healthy? Psychological stress comes in many forms. It can occur acutely, caused by incidents like the loss of a job, the death of a loved one, or the destruction of one\u2019s home in a natural disaster. A\u00a0<a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/11\/23\/well\/family\/death-of-a-child-parents-heart-attack-risk.html\">recent study in Scandinavia<\/a>\u00a0found that in the week following a child\u2019s death, the parents\u2019 risk of a heart attack was more than three times the expected rate. Emotional stress can also be chronic, resulting, for example, from ongoing economic insecurity, living in a high-crime area or experiencing unrelenting depression or anxiety. Bereaved parents in the Scandinavian study continued to experience an elevated cardiac risk years later.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">How stress damages the heart<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. Osborne participated with a team of experts led by Dr. Ahmed Tawakol, also at Massachusetts General, in an analysis of how the body reacts to psychological stress. He said the accumulated evidence of how the brain and body respond to chronic psychological stress strongly suggested that modern medicine has been neglecting a critically important hazard to\u00a0<a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/spotlight\/heart-health\">heart health<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\">\n<div id=\"c-col-editors-picks\" class=\"css-j64t31\">\n<article class=\"css-5raq8g\">\n<div class=\"css-1rcvpgy\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"css-1p08cbr\">The \u2018Shouting Back\u2019 Theater Abruptly Closes, and Brooklyn Mourns<\/h3>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"css-8atqhb\">It all starts in the brain\u2019s fear center, the amygdala, which reacts to stress by activating the so-called fight-or-flight response, triggering the release of hormones that over time can increase levels of body fat, blood pressure and insulin resistance. Furthermore, <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/epub\/10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.120.010931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">as the team explained<\/a>, the cascade of reactions to stress causes inflammation in the arteries, fosters blood clotting and impairs the function of blood vessels, all of which promote atherosclerosis, the arterial disease that underlies most heart attacks and strokes.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. Tawakol\u2019s team explained that advanced neuroimaging made it possible to directly measure the impact of stress on various body tissues, including the brain. A\u00a0<a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7864285\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">prior study of 293 people<\/a>\u00a0initially free of cardiovascular disease who underwent full-body scans that included brain activity had a telling result. Five years later, individuals found to have high activity in the amygdala were shown to have higher levels of inflammation and atherosclerosis.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Translation: Those with an elevated level of emotional stress developed biological evidence of cardiovascular disease. In contrast, Dr. Osborne said, \u201cpeople who are not tightly wired\u201d are less likely to experience the ill heart effects of stress.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">The researchers are now investigating the impact of a stress-reducing program called SMART-3RP (it stands for Stress Management and Resiliency Training-Relaxation Response Resiliency Program) on the brain as well as biological factors that promote atherosclerosis. The program is designed to help people reduce stress and build resilience through mind-body techniques like mindfulness-based meditation, yoga and tai chi. Such measures activate the parasympathetic nervous system, which calms the brain and body.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Defusing stress and its effects<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Even without a formal program, Dr. Osborne said individuals could minimize their body\u2019s heart-damaging reactions to stress. One of the best ways is through habitual physical exercise, which can help to tamp down stress and the body-wide inflammation it can cause.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Given that poor sleep increases stress and promotes arterial inflammation, developing good sleep habits can also reduce the risk of cardiovascular damage. Adopt a consistent pattern of bedtime and awakening, and avoid exposure at bedtime to screens that emit blue light, like smartphones and computers, or use blue-light filters for such devices.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Practice relaxing measures like mindfulness meditation, calming techniques that slow breathing, yoga and tai chi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"css-8atqhb\">Several common medications can also help, Dr. Osborne said. Statins not only reduce cholesterol, they also counter arterial inflammation, resulting in a greater cardiovascular benefit than from their cholesterol-lowering effects alone. Antidepressants, including the anesthetic ketamine, may also help to minimize excessive amygdalar activity and ease stress in people with depression.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/01\/03\/well\/mind\/stress-heart.html\">Original post<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-1jp38cr\">\n<div class=\"css-1ay7oyh e1e7j8ap0\">\n<div>\n<p>By Jane Brody a Personal Health columnist, a position she has held since 1976. She has written more than a dozen books including the best sellers \u201cJane Brody\u2019s Nutrition Book\u201d and \u201cJane Brody\u2019s Good Food Book.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-13ldwoe\">A version of this article appears in print on\u00a0<span class=\"css-1dmwf73\" data-testid=\"todays-date\">Jan. 4, 2022<\/span>, Section\u00a0D, Page\u00a07\u00a0of the New York edition\u00a0with the headline:\u00a0Cardiovascular Ills From Mental Stress.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytreprints.com\/\">Order Reprints<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/section\/todayspaper\">Today\u2019s Paper<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/subscriptions\/Multiproduct\/lp8HYKU.html?campaignId=48JQY\">Subscribe<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Psychological stress activates the fear center in the brain, setting into motion a cascade of reactions that can lead to heart attacks and strokes. You\u2019re probably familiar with these major [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":47903,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false},"categories":[139],"tags":[136,141,155,120,147,165],"class_list":["post-47901","news","type-news","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-life-blog","tag-ais","tag-health","tag-research","tag-stress","tag-stress-management","tag-stress-relief","pmpro-has-access"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Stress May Be Your Heart\u2019s Worst Enemy - The American Institute of Stress<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stress.org\/news\/stress-may-be-your-hearts-worst-enemy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Stress May Be Your Heart\u2019s Worst Enemy - The American Institute of Stress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Psychological stress activates the fear center in the brain, setting into motion a cascade of reactions that can lead to heart attacks and strokes. 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